What are the Top 5 Neurological Disorders?

According to epidemiological studies, neurological problems affect one billion people globally, accounting for 15% of all diseases. Most leading causes of death have seen a decline in mortality rates worldwide; however, neurological illnesses have increased. Neurological disorders are treated with a treatment called neuro physiotherapy. It is a specialized area of physiotherapy, and this treatment aims to treat patients with neurological impairments. 

Utilizing a range of approaches, neuro-physiotherapists work with patients to maximize their movement and function. The patient's strength, balance, and coordination are frequently improved with these methods. This article lists the top 5 neurological disorders-ataxia, hydrocephalus, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia Gravis (MG), bell's palsy, and multiple sclerosis. Read further to learn about them in detail. 

What are the Top 5 Neurological Disorders?

Ataxia

Ataxia is a neurological condition characterized by problems with movement coordination. Damage to the areas of the neurological system that regulate muscular action is the reason behind it. 

Numerous illnesses, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, can result in ataxia. Ataxia symptoms can include difficulty walking, balance issues, and issues with fine motor skills.

Hydrocephalus

An excessive buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's ventricles (cavities) is known as hydrocephalus. The fluid is typically created, circulated, then continuously absorbed and reabsorbed. 

Hydrocephalus may develop from obstruction of fluid circulation and absorption. It can result in brain damage, mental incapacity, convulsions, and even death if it is not addressed.

Muscular Dystrophy

A set of more than 30 illnesses that collectively cause muscle degeneration and weakness are referred to as muscular dystrophy. Most muscular dystrophies are neurologically degenerative and progressive, which means muscle weakening worsens over time. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most prevalent illness, primarily affects males and needs intensive treatment. The dystrophin gene, which gives instructions for producing the protein dystrophin, is the source of DMD.

Myasthenia Gravis (MG)

A chronic autoimmune neuromuscular illness called myasthenia gravis (MG) is characterized by various degrees of skeletal muscle weakening. In Greek for severe muscular weakness, Sir William Gowers first used the term "myasthenia gravis" in the late 19th century. 

Muscle weakness that worsens during times of activity and gets better during times of rest is the disease's defining feature. Although MG can affect persons of any age, it most frequently affects young adults and women twice as frequently as males.

Bell's palsy

When you have Bell's palsy, the muscles on one side of your face become weakened or paralyzed. It happens when the facial nerve, which manages the facial muscles, suffers from inflammation or injury. 

Bell's palsy can strike at any age; however, it strikes individuals between the ages of 15 and 45 the most frequently. Although the actual etiology of Bell's palsy is unknown, viral infections like the common cold, influenza, or herpes simplex are commonly linked to it.

Multiple sclerosis

The myelin sheaths that shield and insulate the neurons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged in the chronic, often progressive condition known as multiple sclerosis (MS).

Demyelination, inflammation, and, ultimately, degeneration of the nervous system are symptoms of the condition. Numbness, weakness, vertigo, tingling, and lack of muscle coordination are possible symptoms. An individual with MS typically lives roughly seven years less than the average population.

Thus, these are the top 5 neurological disorders, but all can be successfully treated by numerous methods followed in neuro physiotherapy. A 2006 study found that neuro physiotherapy successfully reduces the symptoms of the neuro-conditions mentioned above. Very importantly, it helps reduce pain and make patients feel better.